ACE REVISION KIT
  • Notes
    • Edexcel Science >
      • Biology >
        • B1: The Nature and Variety of Living Organisms
        • B2) Structure and Functions in Living Organisms
        • B3) Reproduction and Inheritance
        • B4) Ecology and the Environment
        • B5) Use of Biological Resources
      • Chemistry >
        • C1) Principles of Chemistry
        • C2) Inorganic Chemistry
        • B3) Physical Chemistry
        • C4) Organic Chemistry
      • Physics >
        • C1) Forces and motion
        • C2) Electricity
        • C3) Waves
        • C4) Energy resources and energy transfers
        • C5) Solids, liquids and gases
        • C6) Magnetism and electromagnetism
        • C7) Radioactivity and particles
        • C8) Astrophysics
    • CIE Mathematics
    • CIE Science >
      • Biology >
        • B0: Keywords
        • B1: Characteristics of Living Organisms
        • B2: Cells
        • B3: Biological Molecules
        • B4: Enzymes
        • B5: Plant Nutrition
        • B6: Animal Nutrition
        • B7: Transport
        • * B8 Diseases and Immunity
        • B9: Gas Exchange and Respiration
        • * B10: Excretion in Humans
        • B11: Coordination and Response
        • * B12: Drugs
        • B13: Reproduction
        • B14: Inheritance
        • B15: Organisms and Their Environment
        • * B16: Biotechnology
        • B17: Human Influences on Ecosystem
        • Biological Drawing
      • Chemistry >
        • C0: Keywords
        • C1: The Particulate Nature of Matter
        • C2: Experimental Techniques
        • C3: Atoms, Elements and Compounds
        • C4: Stoichiometry
        • C5: Electricity and Chemistry
        • * C6: Chemical energetics
        • C7: Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
        • C8: Chemical reactions
        • C9: Acid, Bases and Salts
        • C10: The Periodic Table
        • C10: Metals
        • C11: Air and Water
        • C13: Sulfur
        • C14: Carbonates
        • C15: Organic Chemistry
      • Physics >
        • P0: Keywords
        • P1: General Physics
        • P3: Thermal Physics
        • P2: Work, Energy, Power
        • P4: Properties of Waves, Light & Sound
        • P5: Electricty and Magnetism
        • P6: Electric Circuits
        • P7: Electromagnetic Effects
        • P8: Atomic Physics
    • iPSLE Science >
      • Diversity
      • Cycles
      • Systems
      • Interactions
      • Energy
      • Type of Exam Qs
  • Past Papers
  • Type of Exam Qs
  • Calculator Techniques
    • Casio fx-96SG PLUS >
      • Solve Simultaneous Equations
      • Solve Quadratic Equation
      • Calculate Statistics
  • Formulas
    • Mathematics
    • Additional Mathematics
    • Physics
  • Contact

INTERACTIONS OF FORCES

  • Magnets can exert a push or a pull
1) Identify the characteristics of magnets
  • Can be made of iron or steel.
  • Have two poles. A freely suspended magnet comes to rest pointing in a North-South direction.
  • Unlike poles attract and like poles repel.
  • Magnets attract magnetic materials.
2) How to make a magnet
Stroke method: 
  • Using one end (pole) of a magnet, stroke it on a magnetic object eg iron rod.
  • Repeat process for about 15 times using the same end in the same direction.
  • Test the newly made magnet on some iron fillings or paperclips. If it attracts the fillings, the iron rod is magnetized and can act as a magnet.
  • The end of the rod which last touched the North pole of the magnet, becomes the South pole and vice versa.

​Electrical method:

  • Using a battery, electrical wire and an iron rod.
  • Coil the iron rod with the electrical wires for about 5 rounds and connect the ends of the wire to the battery.
  • The iron rod is then ready to be used as a magnet.
  • This type of magnet is called an electromagnet and loses all its magnetism when there is no current in the wire or it is removed from the coil.
  • Magnets made this way can vary its strength by the number of coils around the magnet and the number of batteries used.
3) Effects of a force
  • can move a stationary object.
  • can speed up, slow down or change the direction of motion.
  • can stop a moving object.
  • ​may change the shape of an object.
4) Different types of forces
  • magnetic force
  • gravitational force
  • elastic spring force
  • frictional force
5) Effects of fiction on the motion of objects
  • Slow down moving object.
  • Stop moving object.​
6) Effects of forces on springs
  • When we pull a spring it is stretched.
  • When we push a spring it is compressed.

INTERACTIONS WITHIN THE ENVIRONMENT

7) Identify the factors that affect the survival of an organism
  • Physical characteristics of the environment eg. temperature, light and water
  • Availability of food
  • Type of other organisms present eg. producers, consumers, decomposers
8) Effect on organisms when environment becomes unfavourable
  • Adapt and survive
  • Move to other places
  • Die
9) Trace the energy pathway from the Sun through living things
  • Producers absorb light energy from the Sun and convert it into chemical energy in the form of glucose using the process photosynthesis.
  • Consumers get the energy from the glucose by consuming the producers.
  • Decomposers break down dead organisms and releases nutrients into the air as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is taken in by producers for photosynthesis.
10) Differentiate among the terms
  • Organism:  is a living thing
  • Population:  a group of plants or animals of the same kind, living and reproducing at a given place and time.
  • Community:  many populations living together in a particular place.
11) Adaptations
  • serve to enhance survival and can be structural or behavioural.
  • cope with physical factors
  • obtain food
  • escape predators
  • reproduce by finding and ttracting mates or dispersing seed/fruits
12) Man's impact
  • Positive:  conservation, reforestation
  • Negative: depleting natural resources, deforestation, pollution (land/water/air), global warming.
Summary

You should know:
  • there are interactions among man, living and non-living things n the environment
  • man can make positive or negative impacts
  • man plays an important role in conservation to ensure continuity of life and availability of resources
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  • Notes
    • Edexcel Science >
      • Biology >
        • B1: The Nature and Variety of Living Organisms
        • B2) Structure and Functions in Living Organisms
        • B3) Reproduction and Inheritance
        • B4) Ecology and the Environment
        • B5) Use of Biological Resources
      • Chemistry >
        • C1) Principles of Chemistry
        • C2) Inorganic Chemistry
        • B3) Physical Chemistry
        • C4) Organic Chemistry
      • Physics >
        • C1) Forces and motion
        • C2) Electricity
        • C3) Waves
        • C4) Energy resources and energy transfers
        • C5) Solids, liquids and gases
        • C6) Magnetism and electromagnetism
        • C7) Radioactivity and particles
        • C8) Astrophysics
    • CIE Mathematics
    • CIE Science >
      • Biology >
        • B0: Keywords
        • B1: Characteristics of Living Organisms
        • B2: Cells
        • B3: Biological Molecules
        • B4: Enzymes
        • B5: Plant Nutrition
        • B6: Animal Nutrition
        • B7: Transport
        • * B8 Diseases and Immunity
        • B9: Gas Exchange and Respiration
        • * B10: Excretion in Humans
        • B11: Coordination and Response
        • * B12: Drugs
        • B13: Reproduction
        • B14: Inheritance
        • B15: Organisms and Their Environment
        • * B16: Biotechnology
        • B17: Human Influences on Ecosystem
        • Biological Drawing
      • Chemistry >
        • C0: Keywords
        • C1: The Particulate Nature of Matter
        • C2: Experimental Techniques
        • C3: Atoms, Elements and Compounds
        • C4: Stoichiometry
        • C5: Electricity and Chemistry
        • * C6: Chemical energetics
        • C7: Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
        • C8: Chemical reactions
        • C9: Acid, Bases and Salts
        • C10: The Periodic Table
        • C10: Metals
        • C11: Air and Water
        • C13: Sulfur
        • C14: Carbonates
        • C15: Organic Chemistry
      • Physics >
        • P0: Keywords
        • P1: General Physics
        • P3: Thermal Physics
        • P2: Work, Energy, Power
        • P4: Properties of Waves, Light & Sound
        • P5: Electricty and Magnetism
        • P6: Electric Circuits
        • P7: Electromagnetic Effects
        • P8: Atomic Physics
    • iPSLE Science >
      • Diversity
      • Cycles
      • Systems
      • Interactions
      • Energy
      • Type of Exam Qs
  • Past Papers
  • Type of Exam Qs
  • Calculator Techniques
    • Casio fx-96SG PLUS >
      • Solve Simultaneous Equations
      • Solve Quadratic Equation
      • Calculate Statistics
  • Formulas
    • Mathematics
    • Additional Mathematics
    • Physics
  • Contact